Homocysteine

links: Amino Acid reference: 8-18-2021

Homocysteine #

An α-amino acid. A homologue of Cysteine.

• Converted into Methionine and vice versa VIA B12, Folate, or Trimethylglycine. Many other B vitamins and minerals help, but they themselves are not methyl donors.
• Leads to DNA damage -> p53 -> BAX -> Caspases & Cytochrome C
• Reduced locomotor activities, Dopamine, and its metabolites DOPAC and HVA. R
• D2 allosteric antagonist, by decreasing affinity of agonists R
• Inhibits muscle protein synthesis and promotes inflammation?
• Homocysteine rose from cheese Methionine due to a lack of sufficient B-vitamins (relative to milk, I suppose.) RPF
• Causes Lipid Peroxidation (in cerebrospinal fluid) by forming a stable Free radicals which crosses the blood brain barrier.
• Strongly correlated with dementia and Down’s syndrome.