PPAR

2022-02-01 links: reference: Travis - PPARs And Keratin

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor #

Transcription factors and nuclear receptor proteins. They all dimerize with RXR.

• There are:

• α, β/δ (same thing I guess), γ1, γ2, γ3 types.

• PPAR-β/δ competes with PPAR-α and PPAR-γ. Downregulation of β/δ can increase Keratin 20 expression several fold.

• Overexpression of PPAR-γ on the skin protects rats against Hair Loss.

• PPAR-γ agonists administered to the brain increase insulin transport/sensitivity to the brain.

• https://www.quora.com/Can-thyroid-patients-consume-soyabean-or-soyabean-oil/answer/Chihiro-%E5%8D%83%E5%B0%8B-1?ch=10&oid=335039995&share=052e5b24&srid=J6Fxb&target_type=answer

  • [Inhibition of Peroxisome Proliferator Signaling Pathways by Thyroid Hormone Receptor: Competitive Binding to the Response Element]
    • I.e. thyroid hormone (-RXR heteromers) binds to PPRE, inhibiting it.
    • Both PPAR and TR bind to PPRE although only PPAR mediates transcriptional activation via PPRE. TRzRXR heterodimers are potential competitors with PPAR•RXR for binding to PPREs.
    • Thyroid hormone response element and PP response element have an almost perfectly inverse relationship:

• Androgens increase the expression of PPAR-α1 PPAR γ coactivator

• Causes and consequences of low grade endotoxemia and inflammatory diseases

  • the expression of PPARs promotes an M2 polarization and is responsible for maintaining the basal anti-inflammatory tone of adipose tissue via promoting the co-repression of pro-inflammatory genes through co-repressors nuclear receptor corepressor 1 or 2 (NCoR). However, in our studies and in others, PPAR expression is inhibited after TLR4 stimulation by LPS, and complete knock out of this nuclear receptor promotes inflammation and IR.

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  • (Wy14643 = PPARα agonist)