SkQ1

2022-02-19 links: reference: https://roselandj.medium.com/skq1-54a97058bc7b

SkQ1 #

• Part of SkQ (which includes -R1, 2, 2M, 3,4,5, -berb, -palm, C12TPP, and MitoQ) which are mitochondrial Antioxidants. They’re lipophilic cations so they penetrate through membranes. They inhibit ROS directly due to plastoquinone oxidation, or reducing ΔΨ.

• I suppose they’re pretty popular for Longevity. Mice in a study lived 335 days vs. 290.

• Behavioral Effects Induced by Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1 in Wistar and Senescence-Accelerated OXYS Rats

  • SkQ1-treated rats of both strains displayed significantly higher locomotor and exploratory activity in the open field (OF) and less anxiety in the elevated plus-maze (EPM)
  • SkQ1-treated Wistar rats exhibited slower learning in the Morris water maze (MWM) task comparison to the control group… may be associated with differences in redox homeostasis.

• Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 improves impaired dermal wound healing in old mice

  • SkQ1 treatment resulted in accelerated resolution of the inflammatory phase, formation of granulation tissue, vascularization and epithelization of the wounds. Wounds contained increased amount of myofibroblasts which produce extracellular matrix proteins and growth factors mediating granulation tissue formation.
  • Earlier we have found that SkQ1 stimulated production of active TGFβ by fibroblasts
  • The TGF-β produced by SkQ1-treated fibroblasts was found to stimulate motility (and tubulogenesis) of endothelial cells in vitro, an effect which may underlie pro-angiogenic action of SkQ1 in the wounds. Movement of the epitheliocytes into the in vitro “wound” was directly stimulated by SkQ1
    • What dafuq! Scavenging of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria induces myofibroblast differentiation
      • Scavenging of ROS activated the Rho-ROCK-LIMK pathway, and stimulated MMP9 secretion, which activated TGF-β, which mediated differentiation of subcutaneous Fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. NAC inhibited MMP activity.
  • Prevention of excessive reaction of endothelium to the pro-inflammatory cytokine(s) might account for anti-inflammatory effect of SkQ1.

• Important to support Electron Transport Chain complex IV to prevent peroxide buildup.

Supplementation #

Store in fridge. Comes as a brown paste or something. 5mg in 0.5 mL benzyl alcohol.

• 1nmol = 0.184μg (200mcg = 0.5nmol/kg, which is popular in studies on rodents.)
• Blank says for a nasal spray you can simply add sterile water. Must be due to the quantity and whatnot as opposed to injecting it
  • Intranasal: 20-50 μg or so. Blank at one point thought he was doing 100 μg but it was more like 1/3 that the whole time.
  • Blank: completely stabilizes my cognitive landscape making it effortless to use executive functioning and eases retrieval of memories. I feel like the effects last a few days after discontinuation too. Really energizing.
• 5mg in 15mL (0.5 of which is benzyl alcohol) = 0.33mg/mL = 33 μg/spray. Guess I’ll go with that, or maybe 14/13 mL for 350/380.
  • And I know for a fact that at least 400 μg/mL is good from the Pax chronicles