BMAL1

2022-05-19: reference:

Brain and Muscle ARNT-Like 1 (BMAL1) (ARNTL) (MOP3) #

• CLOCK and BMAL1 regulate MyoD and are necessary for maintenance of skeletal muscle phenotype and function
• BMAL1 in muscle regulates sleep in the brain

• SIRT1 deactivates via deacetylating the BMAL1-CLOCK heterodimer.
• CLOCK→Cryptochromes (Cry1)→ (acetylation?) inhibits the Bmal1-CLOCK heterodimer.
  • CLOCK-mediated acetylation of BMAL1 controls circadian function
• [Differential Control of Bmal1 Circadian Transcription by REV-ERB and ROR Nuclear Receptors]
  • Rev-Erbα/β represses transcription via binding to the Bmal1 promoter.
  • RORα/β/γ promotes transcription upon binding to the Bmal1 promoter.
  • This is due to competition at the ROR response elements (RORE)
  • CK1δ/ε activates both BMAL1-CLOCK as well as PER-Cry: The Circadian Regulatory Proteins BMAL1 and Cryptochromes Are Substrates of Casein Kinase Iε
  • CK2 phoshporylates as well
  • MAPK→Phosphorylation at Ser527, Thr534, Ser559. This inhibits BMAL1-Clock- induced E-box transactivation.
  • GSK-3β→Phosphorylation and activation
• In mice it peaks