PUFA

links: reference: https://raypeatforum.com/community/threads/peat-wrong-about-pufa.37890/

Polyunsaturated fatty acids and their metabolites in brain function and disease (2014) (Nature) 4-16-2021

PUFA #

They replace the saturated mitochondrial fat, Cardiolipin, which supports the activity of the last crucial enzyme in efficient energy generation, Cytochrome C Oxidase.
Higher concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma triglycerides and higher levels of DNA adducts of Malondialdehyde were found in the subjects on the sunflower oil diet when compared with those in the monounsaturated fat dietary group. Determination of DNA adducts of malonaldehyde in humans: effects of dietary fatty acid composition
Can increase the excitatory effects of Glutamate pathways.
Unsaturated fatty acids take up more space/are less dense, have higher kinetic energies, and have higher water solubilities: all of the aforementioned properties tend to reduce their affinity for Cholesterol… LDL meanwhile is necessarily made of long-chained saturated fats because that’s ’low-density'.
The reason for the quicker weight gain on fructose+sfa is most likely because the metabolism is saving mitochondria from being flooded and killed by excess energy. Sfa is easily excluded from entering a cell in times of energy surplus thus leading to rapid fat gain whereas cells can not as easily exclude pufa because of how they are oxidized down the electron transport chain (essentially skipping the step that otherwise would prevent them from entering a cell). In this way, the rapid fat gain you see from sfa+fructose is a form of protection from systemic damage.
Δx Desaturases unsaturate one carbon, and Δx elongases add 2 carbons.

Brain #

Comprehensive analysis of phospholipids in the brain, heart, kidney, and liver: brain phospholipids are least enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids
- https://raypeatforum.com/community/threads/brain-arachidonic-acid.20539/post-287218

Fatty Acids #

Like half of these don’t even have Wikipedia pages. ALA and Linoleic Acid are the ’essential’ fatty acids. DHA/EPA are synthesizable but they require ALA and DHA respectively.