Glutamate
links:Neurotransmitter reference: 4-20-2021
Glutamate #
- Decreases Tyrosine Hydroxylase phosphorylation via activation of NMDARs via reducing cAMP production R
- The problem with Excitotoxicity is that glutamate-releasing cells do not themselves die, but rather the cells which receive glutamate. So, it becomes exponentially worse. MSG is especially dangerous.
Metabolism/Synthesis #
- Anionic form of Glutamate where it is protonated in higher/physiological pH levels.
- Glutamate $\ce{->[Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD)][P{5}P, Taurine]}$ GABA
- Glutamate + ATP + Ammonia $\ce{<–>[Glutamine Synthetase][Glutaminase]}$ Glutamine + ADP + phosphate
- Glutamate $\ce{\begin{cases}<->[Glutamate Dehydrogenase][Vitamin B{3}] \\ <->[Aminotransferase][P{5}P] \end{cases}}$ α-ketogluratate
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