DKK-1
links: reference: 11-6-2021
DKK-1 #
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Inhibits WNT-LRP5/6-Frizzled. Instead forming LRP5/6-DKK-1-Kremen:
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Still quite important: DKK1 knockout mice were dead at birth due to defects in the cranium and structures formed by the neural crest, such as failed development of eyes, olfactory placodes, frontonasal mass and mandibular processes, as well as incomplete development of the forebrain and midbrain and fusion of the digits of the forelimb.
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- One of the most heavily upregulated genes in androgen-induced Hair Loss, being one of the most mRNA-upregulated genes by DHT.
- DKK-1 inhibited the growth of ORS cells and triggered apoptotic cell death. In addition, DHT-induced epithelial cell death in cultured hair follicles was reversed by neutralizing DKK-1 antibody.
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Dickkopf 1 Promotes Regression of Hair Follicles (Kwack et al., 2012)
- (Premature) catagen inducer. Neutralizing DKK-1 antibody delayed anagen-to-catagen transition in mice.
- Involved in the anagen-to-catagen transition by regulating the activity of follicular keratinocytes.
- Promoting apoptosis of keratinocytes is sketch as they key cells involved in hair growth
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Accumulates in synapses in Alzheimer’s: Dysfunction of Wnt signaling and synaptic disassembly in neurodegenerative diseases. In “Wnt signaling cascades in neurodevelopment, neurodegeneration and regeneration”
- Blocking Wnt signaling leads to degradation of LRP6-PSD.
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Also important for bone growth: New Emerging Biomarkers for Bone Disease: Sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 (DKK1)
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Growth Hormone replacement increased bone matrix levels and vice versa. DKK-1 may limit the effects of GH on bone mass. R
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- Dkk1 overexpression alleviated high phosphate-induced vascular calcification.
So we have niacinamide and threonic acid for DKK-1 specifically.