ADHD

ADHD #

Higher than normal NGF is found in people with ADHD, and with an overactive bladder, lol.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17924444/
Cortical midline+medial prefrontal cortex activity underlies narrative-generating mind wandering (ManytoOne -> Farb et al., 2007 Mason et al., 2007)
Hyperactivity in ADHD can be explained by a constant seeking of stimulus in orer that one transcends their state of low arousal. R
Lower availability of D2/D3 in the accumbal region. R

Inhibition of/decrease of size in:

The Orbitofrontal Cortex (primarily right hemisphere)
- It is decreased in size - though to a degree that is hardly noticable.
  - This also shrinks the corpus callosum.
Basal Ganglia (mainly striatum & globus pallidus)
Cerebellum (central/right area)
- While relatives of people with ADHD, whether (fully) effected or not, exhibit underdevelopment in these areas (prefrontal cortex, bassal ganglia) but not in the cerebellum.
Anterior Cingulate Cortex
- Upper zone helps you regulate decisions in social conflicts.
- Lower zone helps you regulate emotional conflict. Somebody may get mad and suppress it, but those with ADHD will go yell and flip out about it.

These areas normalize in size into young adulthood - but the function doesn’t quite normalize.

At least 1/3 of ADHD, particular in males, is not genetic.
The primary motor zone develops quickly in those with ADHD.
- Small, discrete behaviors - hence hyperactive and irrelevant motor movements like restless leg syndrome.
Hyperfocus is perseveration (repetition of a response in absence/cessation of a stimulus) - it isn’t exactly desirable. This is a sign of frontal lobe injury.
Frontal-striatal circuit: Rationally calculates what you will do.
Frontal-cerebellar system: When you will do that what you planned to do.
Frontal-limbic circuit: Moderates emotions to be consistent with your goals.