Nitric Oxide
links: reference: 4-16-2021
Nitric Oxide #
- Causes Insulin Resistance?
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Methylxanthines and calcium-mobilizing agents inhibit the expression of cytokine-inducible nitric oxide synthase and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in murine microvascular endothelial cells
- “Our results suggest that NO produced by iNOS acts as a metabolic switch during inflammation by inhibiting Oxidative Phosphorylation and forcing vascular endothelial cells to temporarily utilize anaerobic energy metabolism.”
- Is a retrograde messenger which stimulates glutamate release.
Muscle #
- Mitochondrial biogenesis by NO yields functionally active mitochondria in mammals
- Contributes to glucose uptake:
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The coupling of glucose metabolism and perfusion in human skeletal muscle. The potential role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (1996)
- In insulin-sensitive subjects only, it causes an increase in eNOS-derived NOS production.
- GLP-1 recruits microvasculature and increases glucose use in muscle via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism
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The coupling of glucose metabolism and perfusion in human skeletal muscle. The potential role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (1996)
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Sarcolemma-localized nNOS is required to maintain activity after mild exercise
- nNOS-null mice do not have muscle pathology and no loss of force after exercise, but display an exaggerated fatigue response.