LMX1

2023-06-29:

LMX1A/B #

• Homeobox transcription factor: binds an A/T-rich sequence in the insulin promoter and stimulates transcription of insulin
  • Synergistic activation of the insulin gene by a LIM-homeo domain protein and a basic helix-loop-helix protein: building a functional insulin minienhancer complex
    • We conclude that beta-cell lmx-1 functions by binding to the FLAT element and interacting through the LIM-containing amino terminus with shPan-1 bound at the Far element. These proteins form the minimal components for a functional minienhancer complex
    • Cited by Evidence That Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Dopaminergic Neurons Are Selectively Vulnerable to Oxidative Stress Because They Are Highly Metabolically Active (2022)
      • LMX1A/B, NR4A2, EN1/2, OTX1/2, CORIN, PITX3, and FOXA1/2 are probably the best described TFs that have a role in SNpc fate specification Midbrain Dopaminergic Neuron Development at the Single Cell Level: In vivo and in Stem Cells
      • Lmx1a specifically mediates the differentiation of floor plate dopaminergic progenitors
      • Whereas Lmx1b is involved in the establishment of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary and mediates the differentiation of lateral, non-floor plate, dopaminergic progenitors. Lmx1b is required for the autophagic-lysosomal pathway and neuroprotection of post-mitotic dopaminergic neurons: Lmx1a and Lmx1b regulate mitochondrial functions and survival of adult midbrain dopaminergic neurons
      • rs10733682 & rs10733682 (AA) associated with higher obesity levels. They also list some other LMX1B variants